Syllabus

This years course structure

The course consists of approximately 60 sessions preparing students for the Feststellungsprüfung. It is divided into 8 sections, each with ~6 sessions. Between sections, 1–2 sessions are reserved for review and reinforcement of key concepts.

Section 1: Mathematical Foundations & Algebra (Basics)

  • Mathematical language and notation
  • Set theory and number systems (natural, whole, integer, rational, real)
  • Properties of operations (commutative, associative, distributive laws)
  • Elementary calculations with real numbers
  • Fractions, percentages, and applications
  • Algebraic manipulation and transformation of terms
  • Laws of exponents, logarithms, and scientific notation
  • Binomial theorem, factorization, and absolute value
  • Mathematical logic and proof techniques (basics)

Section 2: Equations & Basic Functions (Basics)

  • Linear equations and inequalities in one variable
  • Systems of linear equations and Gaussian elimination
  • Quadratic, biquadratic, fractional, and radical equations
  • Exponential and cubic equations
  • Absolute value equations
  • Introduction to functions: concept, notation, and properties
  • Linear and quadratic functions
  • Graphical representation, domain, and range analysis
  • Basic business applications

Section 3: Advanced Functions & Analysis (Exam Focus)

  • Polynomial, rational, and root functions
  • Power functions with rational exponents
  • Exponential and logarithmic functions
  • Trigonometric functions and identities
  • Inverse functions and composition
  • Function properties: symmetry, monotonicity, bounds
  • Asymptotes and discontinuities
  • Function families and parameter analysis
  • Graphing and sketching methods
  • Business applications with periodic phenomena

Section 4: Differential Calculus (Exam Focus)

  • Fundamental concepts: limits, continuity, difference quotient
  • Derivatives and their geometric meaning
  • Rules of differentiation: sum, product, quotient, chain, etc.
  • Rates of change (local and average)
  • Tangent lines and linear approximation
  • Function analysis: maxima, minima, inflection points
  • Analysis of parameterized function families
  • Finding functions from conditions
  • Optimization problems with business applications

Section 5: Integral Calculus & Applications (Advanced Topics)

  • Antiderivatives of polynomial functions
  • Integration techniques (basic and substitution)
  • Definite integrals and the fundamental theorem of calculus
  • Area calculation problems and applications
  • Applications in financial mathematics:
    • Simple and compound interest
    • Present value and future value
    • Annuities and loan amortization
    • Investment analysis

Section 6: Probability Theory (Exam Focus)

  • Concepts of probability (Laplace, statistical, subjective)
  • Random experiments (single-stage, multi-stage)
  • Sample space, events, and probability calculations
  • Tree diagrams, path rule, conditional probability
  • Contingency analysis (four-field and multi-field tables)
  • Combinatorics and counting principles
  • Random variables and distributions
  • Binomial and other discrete distributions
  • Expected value, variance, and measures of dispersion
  • Business applications in risk and decision-making

Section 7: Statistics & Linear Algebra (Advanced Topics)

  • Populations, samples, and data collection methods
  • Descriptive statistics: mean, median, mode
  • Measures of dispersion: variance, standard deviation
  • Data visualization and basic statistical software
  • Hypothesis testing and significance
  • Confidence intervals and inference
  • Vectors and vector operations
  • Matrices, inverses, and solving systems
  • Growth models and transition matrices in business contexts

Section 8: Exam Preparation & Integration (Exam Focus)

  • Comprehensive review of function analysis
  • Advanced problem-solving in calculus
  • Probability applications and complex tasks
  • Integration of concepts from multiple areas
  • Mock Feststellungsprüfung sessions
  • Exam-style practice exercises
  • Targeted problem remediation and consultation
  • Final preparation strategies and exam techniques